Recycling Plastic Makes Economic and Environmental Sense

Plastics products are ubiquitous throughout thefrom the lighter ones - this is called the float-sink
world. As dependency upon these light weight andstage. The plastics are then dried and ready to
durable products increased, so too has the needbecome new products in the hands of
for global innovation in recycling technologies. Overmanufacturers throughout the world.
the decades recycling companies developed aBut, new methods are constantly being developed
variety of processes to turn discarded plasticsto recycle PET products, including a
into hundreds of products from paint brushes tode-polymerization process that "reverses" the
rugs and pillows, boat hulls and railroad ties.chemical process used to make the polymer.
Calling the ConsumerThere are pilot projects using this method, as well
The greatest challenge to recycling manufacturersas other innovative processes to make plastic
is educating and engaging the public. About 75recycling more environmentally friendly and
percent of Americans recycle newspaper andeconomical.
cardboard while little more than 25 percentDemand for Recycled Products
recycle plastic. Industry analysts think this lowThe importance of recycled PET and HDPE cannot
response rate might be due to a lack ofbe ignored. The latter, heavier PET is used to
understanding about the coding on recyclablemake building materials that become backyard
plastics - the small triangle with a number in thedecks that last longer than wood; it becomes
center - that identifies what kind of plastic an itemlawn furniture, trash cans, office products,
is.buckets, safety cones and much more. HDPE can
The most frequently recycled plastics of thealso be used to manufacture above and below
seven groups of polymer plastics are PET 01,usedground water storage tanks that withstand
in soft drink bottles and smaller jars; PE-HD 02, adecades of use.
harder and more durable plastic used in milksOf five major classes of PET plastics, the most
bottles and large trash bags; and PE-LD 04 that'shigh-end use is to manufacture new PET bottles
tough yet flexible and used in frozen food bags,and containers. Other classes include plastic
flexible container lids and squeeze bottles.sheeting or plastic that's used for molding small
Although the recycling rate of these and otheritems such as scoops for laundry detergent;
products is not yet impressive, the numbers havestrapping materials for packaging and
been steadily rising since 1990. In 2006, about 2.2transportation; resins that are used in molds for
billion pounds of PET plastic bottles were recycledautomobile components; and material that's
and 928 million pounds of HDPE (High Densitycombined to make fibers for carpeting, fabrics
Polyethylene) containers made it to recyclers.and fiber fillings.
Innovating PET ProductionRecycled PET can show up in unexpected places
As awareness of the environmental damage donesuch as business cards, sleeping bags, baseball
by polymers increased, so too did the urgency tocaps and the welcome mat at your front door.
encourage recycling. At the same time,In the Hands of the Consumer
experimentation with processing and applicationUltimately, it's all up to the consumer. Awareness
rose. For example, according to a CNN report, aof the environmental benefits of recycling plastic
Ph.D. in India, Dr. S. Madhu, included shredded andand the viability of manufacturing with recycled
melted plastic in a roadway surfacing mix. WorkingPET can mitigate environmental damage and
for the Kerala Highway Research Institute, Madhusupport a global industry that returns economical
mixed the plastic with aggregate and bitumen toand useful products to the marketplace.
create a surface that withstands the pounding ofIn the U.S., many municipal governments have
annual monsoon seasons.made it easier for consumers to recycle plastic.
Working in a highly regulated environment,Cities accept all plastic products with the recycle
conventional recycling manufacturers focus onsymbol and do the sorting themselves before
producing a long list of common products.shipping off for further processing. The consumer
Although processes vary, they generally follow adoesn't have to deal with separating PET numbers
common methodology. First, plastics are sortedor peeling off labels. Many states have passed
according to their PET identification number. This islegislation commonly known as "bottle bills" that
often done before the recycled products reachcharge a small fee for plastic containers. There is
the manufacturer. The "dirty" PET containers aregreater value to the consumer to recycle when
also cleaned of labels, glue and other residualthere is the incentive of a redemption value.
materials. A dirty regrind of the PET then goes toSome communities have "drop off" recycling
re-claimers who process the material into a formcenters and others have "buy back" centers that
that can be used by manufacturers. Re-claimerspay consumers for recyclable materials.
further clean the materials of contaminants andWhatever the method of recycling or the process
materials that are lighter than the plastic. The finalthat recreates value from discarded PET
flakes of PET are washed with a specialproducts, it's clear that the public, governments
detergent that gets rid of glues, food or dirt.and industry share a financial and environmental
Next, the PET materials are further treated withstake in the practice of plastic recycling.
processes that separate the heavier PET particles